Modeling complex genetic interactions in a simple eukaryotic genome: actin displays a rich spectrum of complex haploinsufficiencies. Author Brian Haarer, Susan Viggiano, Mathew Hibbs, Olga Troyanskaya, David Amberg Publication Year 2007 Type Journal Article Abstract Multigenic influences are major contributors to human genetic disorders. Since humans are highly polymorphic, there are a high number of possible detrimental, multiallelic gene pairs. The actin cytoskeleton of yeast was used to determine the potential for deleterious bigenic interactions; approximately 4800 complex hemizygote strains were constructed between an actin-null allele and the nonessential gene deletion collection. We found 208 genes that have deleterious complex haploinsufficient (CHI) interactions with actin. This set is enriched for genes with gene ontology terms shared with actin, including several actin-binding protein genes, and nearly half of the CHI genes have defects in actin organization when deleted. Interactions were frequently seen with genes for multiple components of a complex or with genes involved in the same function. For example, many of the genes for the large ribosomal subunit (RPLs) were CHI with act1Delta and had actin organization defects when deleted. This was generally true of only one RPL paralog of apparently duplicate genes, suggesting functional specialization between ribosomal genes. In many cases, CHI interactions could be attributed to localized defects on the actin protein. Spatial congruence in these data suggest that the loss of binding to specific actin-binding proteins causes subsets of CHI interactions. Keywords Actins, Humans, Gene Deletion, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Phenotype, Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins, Genome, Fungal, Endocytosis, Microfilament Proteins, Ribosomes, Multifactorial Inheritance Journal Genes Dev Volume 21 Issue 2 Pages 148-59 Date Published 01/2007 Alternate Journal Genes Dev. Google ScholarBibTeXEndNote X3 XML