@article{2490,
  keywords = {Animals, Cells, Cultured, Female, Male, Gene Expression Regulation, Liver, Mice, Humans, High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Tissue Distribution, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Genome-Wide Association Study, Mice, Inbred BALB C, Biological Transport, Alleles, Metabolomics, Mice, Knockout, CRISPR-Cas Systems, Alternative Splicing, Carnitine, Cohort Studies, Metabolic Diseases, Organic Cation Transporter 1},
  author = {Hye Kim and Johannes Raffler and Wenyun Lu and Jung-Jin Lee and Deepti Abbey and Danish Saleheen and Joshua Rabinowitz and Michael Bennett and Nicholas Hand and Christopher Brown and Daniel Rader},
  title = {Fine Mapping and Functional Analysis Reveal a Role of SLC22A1 in Acylcarnitine Transport.},
  abstract = {<p>Genome-wide association studies have identified a signal at the SLC22A1 locus for serum acylcarnitines, intermediate metabolites of mitochondrial oxidation whose plasma levels associate with metabolic diseases. Here, we refined the association signal, performed conditional analyses, and examined the linkage structure to find coding variants of SLC22A1 that mediate independent association signals at the locus. We also employed allele-specific expression analysis to find potential regulatory variants of SLC22A1 and demonstrated the effect of one variant on the splicing of SLC22A1. SLC22A1 encodes a hepatic plasma membrane transporter whose role in acylcarnitine physiology has not been described. By targeted metabolomics and isotope tracing experiments in loss- and gain-of-function cell and mouse models of Slc22a1, we uncovered a role of SLC22A1 in the efflux of acylcarnitines from the liver to the circulation. We further validated the impacts of human variants on SLC22A1-mediated acylcarnitine efflux in\&nbsp;vitro, explaining their\&nbsp;association with serum acylcarnitine levels. Our findings provide the detailed molecular mechanisms of the GWAS association for serum acylcarnitines at the SLC22A1 locus by functionally validating the impact of SLC22A1 and its variants on acylcarnitine transport.</p>
},
  year = {2017},
  journal = {Am J Hum Genet},
  volume = {101},
  pages = {489-502},
  month = {10/2017},
  issn = {1537-6605},
  doi = {10.1016/j.ajhg.2017.08.008},
  language = {eng},
}